Mission Economy: A Moonshot Guide to Changing Capitalism argues that governments and businesses should adopt the ambition and coordination of the Apollo moon programme to tackle major modern challenges such as climate change, inequality, disease, and technological transformation. Mariana Mazzucato uses the Apollo programme as a model for mission-oriented economic policy and large-scale public-private collaboration.

The book challenges conventional ideas about the role of government, public spending, value creation, and private enterprise. Mazzucato proposes a mission-oriented approach in which ambitious public goals guide innovation, investment, and collaboration while creating long-term social and economic value.